Formative assessment is one of the best ways to increase student learning and enhance teacher quality. But effective formative assessment is not part of most classrooms. In the updated 2nd edition of this practical guide for school leaders, authors Connie M. Moss and Susan M. Brookhart define formative assessment as an active, continual process in which teachers and students work together to gather evidence of learning. Using specific examples based on their extensive work with teachers, the authors provide strategic talking points and conversation starters to address common misconceptions about formative assessment; practical classroom strategies to share with teachers that cultivate students as self-regulated, assessment-capable learners; ways to model the elements of formative assessment in conversations with teachers about their professional learning; "What if" scenarios and advice for how to deal with them; and questions for reflection to gauge understanding and progress.